Judo originated in Japan. It is the most famous sport in Japan. Judo means ‘The gentle way’. It is a defensive, a spectator sport and also a competitive sport. It is also called modern Japanese martial art. It came to India by Japanese travellers. Japanese used to practise Judo in a hall which was called Du. Joe.
In Shantiniketan, the practice of Judo was a special feature. Judo Association of India was established in 1964, and first national Judo Championship was organised in 1966. India participated in Judo in the 1986 Asian Games in which India won four bronze medals.
1. Time duration for judo competition (bout) is 5 minutes for men and 4 minutes for women for Olympic and world championships.
2. After progress has been made in throwing techniques a competitor can unhesitatingly take a lying position and in this way become offensive.
3. When competitor falls while adapting throwing technique or takes offensive, and the opponent falls, even then he can take a lying posture.
4. The throwing technique is valid, if the maximum body of his opponent shall remain inside the contesting area.
5. When one or both the competitors are outside the contest area, the use of any technique is reckoned a failure and shall be declared against the rules.
6. Judoco should wear formal dress (Judogi) for competition.
7. Referee may declare a losing judoco as a winner, if he finds that the opponent, Judoco has caused any injury to him/her knowingly.
8. Hitting or holding the opponent by hand is prohibited.
9. A judoco may be discarded off, if he/she does not reach at starting point after three calls made by referee.
10. A Judoco can be declared losing player if he/she is not wearing a neat and clean dress having tidy hair and does not have properly cut nails.
11. One judoco wears red belt and the other wears white belt while competing in the ring.
Terminology
Table- 1
Column-1
Column- 2
Atemi
Striking
Dan
Black belt run
Hidavi
Left
Hiki-wake
No decision
Ippon
Ten points
Koku
3 points
Shiajo
Competition area
Table- 2
Column-1
Column- 2
Mutte
Stop
Wazu-Ori
7 points
Hiji
Elbow
Hiza
Knee
Shiajo
Competition area
Nage
Throw
Tatani
Mat
Important Tournaments
1. World Cup
2. Federation Cup
3. All India Judo Competition
4. International Zic Zee Judo Cup Tournament
5. Asian Games
6. Olympic Games
7. Commonwealth Championships
8. Junior Asian Championships
9. Asian youth Judo Championship
