NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 13 Nuclei

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1. Ultraviolet light of wavelength 350 nm and intensity 1W/m2 is directed at a potassium surface having work function 2.2eV. (i) Find the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectron. (ii) If 0.5 percent of the incident photons produce photoelectric effect, how many photoelectrons per second are emitted from the
potassium surface that has an area 1cm2.
2. What is meant by nuclear fission and nuclear chain reaction? Outline the conditions necessary for nuclear chain reaction.

3. Define binding energy of a nucleus. Draw a curve between mass number and average binding energy per nucleon. On the basis of this curve, explain fusion and fission reactions.
4. What is beta decay? Write an equation to represent β– and β+ decay. Explain the energy distribution curve is β decay.

5. Draw energy level diagram for hydrogen atom and show the various line spectra originating due to transition between energy levels.
6. With the help of one example, explain how the neutron to proton ratio changes during alpha decay of a nucleus. Distinguish between nuclear fusion and fission. Give an example of each.

1. At a given instant, there are 25% undecayed radioactive nuclei in a sample. After 10 seconds, the number of undecayed nuclei reduces to 12.5%. Calculate the mean life of nuclei.
2. Determine the speed of the electron in n = 3 orbit of hydrogen atom.

3. A nucleus of mass M initially at rest splits into two fragments of masses M/3 and 2M/3. Find the ratio of de Broglie wavelength of the fragments.

4. A proton is accelerated through a potential difference V. Find the percentage increase or decrease in its de-Broglie wavelength if potential difference is increased by 21%.
5. The half life of a radioactive substance is 5 hours. In how much time will 15/16 of the material decay?