NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 7 Tertiary and Quaternary Activities

Retail trading is the sale of goods and services to consumers. A retailer purchases goods in large quantities from manufacturers, directly or through a wholesaler, and then sells in smaller quantities to consumers for a profit.

Describe Quaternary services.
Quaternary activities centre on research, development and may be seen as an advanced form of services involving specialised knowledge and technical skills. Quaternary services are based on pure knowledge and skill of a person. Financial planning, information generation, consultancy, information technologies, designing, and research and development are some industries in the Quaternary sector.

When it comes to medical travel destinations, there’s no limit to the worldwide possibilities. Few fast emerging medical tourism countries are: India, Singapore, South Korea, Bulgaria and Panama.

What is digital divide?
The digital divide is a gap between those who have access to digital technology and those who do not. These technologies include, but are not limited to, smart phones, computers, and the internet.
In the Information Age in which information and communication technologies (ICTs) have eclipsed manufacturing technologies as the basis for world economies and social connectivity, people without access to the Internet and other ICTs are at a socio-economic disadvantage because they are unable or less able to find and apply for jobs, shop and sell online, participate democratically, or research and learn.

The tertiary sector also known as the service sector involves a variety of things in its umbrella. Some of which are health and welfare, tourism, leisure, and recreation activities as well as retailing and sales of goods to the people.
List below are the significances of service sector in modern economic development:
By providing network facilities, service sectors help in the development of agricultural products such as helping in the transport of raw material and finished goods from one place to another.

The service sector helps in providing appropriate technical knowledge/education to the workers as well as provide them with proper medical facilities. Moreover, the service sector also facilitates an organized network of communication and transport systems which helps in increasing mobility and information among the workers. This results in an increase in the productivity
This sector provides various services catering to the needs of both primary and secondary sectors and thus helps in providing a market for the finished goods as well as raw materials or semi-finished goods for both i.e. agriculture and industries.

By providing better services in the field of education and health, banking and insurance as well as communication and transportation, the service sector has helped in increasing the quality of life in the country and thus helping in raising the country’s human development index (HDI)
The service sector has made it possible to connect every small town and village through a well-organized system of communication and transport. Moreover, the expansion of education, medical as well as banking services in various backward areas of the country has helped in removing the regional imbalances and disparities throughout the nation.

The means of transport and communication are called the lifelines of a country and its economy. The world is developing very fast and means of communication play a vital role in the development of the world.
Communication:
It is used within the firm as a means of controlling its operations, coordinating the activities of departments and employees.
Means of communication help the traders to have links with other traders.
Communication helps businesses to operate efficiently.
It overcomes the barriers of language and personal contact.

It helps people to know about new discoveries, new products, new techniques etc.
Transport:
Transport helps in the assembly of raw materials and distribution of finished goods.
An efficient network of transport services encourages the movement of people from one place to another.
An efficient network of transport services encourages the movement of people from one place to another. Thus, movement of goods and people from one place to another leads to specialisation and division of Labour which results in minimum wastage of resources and reduction in the cost of production.

Improved means of transport benefit the consumers in many ways. The consumers can enjoy the benefit of use of many goods, which cannot be produced at their place, by transporting such goods from other distant places.
Transport facilitates the industrial development of a country. It helps the growth of industries by making available various factors of production.
Transport helps in increasing the national wealth of a country by facilitating agriculture, industry, trade and commerce.