by Tiwari Academy
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Indian Economic Development Chapter 4 MCQ along with chapter’s intext questions which are important for session 2024-25. Class 12 Economics chapter 4 Poverty solutions, multiple choice questions and extra questions for practice are given here free to use.
Class 12 Indian Economic Development Chapter 4 MCQ Solutions
Class 12 Indian Economic Development Chapter 4 MCQ
Mid-day meal, public distribution system, integrated child development schemes are
What do you mean by Gross National Product
Who was the first person to define poverty in terms of jail cost of living?
What Causes Poverty?
The causes of poorness consist in the institutional and social factors that mark the lifetime of the poor. The poor are empty of quality education and unable to amass skills that fetch higher incomes. Additionally access to health care is denied to the poor. The most victims of caste, non-secular and different discriminatory practices are poor. Though the ultimate impact of British rule on Indian living standards remains being debated, there’s a little question that there was a considerable negative impact on the Indian economy and customary of living of the folks. There was substantial de-industrialisation in India beneath the British rule.
Imports of Factory-made Cloth
Imports of factory-made cotton cloth from Lancashire in England displaced abundant native production, and India reverted to being an exporter of cotton yarn, not cloth. Britain’s main goals from the dominion were to produce a marketplace for British exports, to possess India service its debt payments to UK, and for India to produce men for British imperial armies. An outsized section of the agricultural poor in India is that the little farmers.
The land that they need is, in general, less fertile and smitten by rains. Their survival depends on subsistence crops and typically on placental mammal. With the rise of population and while not different sources of employment, the per-head handiness of land for cultivation has steady declined resulting in fragmentation of land holdings. The financial gain from these little land holdings isn’t decent to fulfil the family’s basic necessities.
Class 12 Indian Economic Development Chapter 4 Important Question Answers
Which were the poverty alleviation programmes?
Most poverty alleviation programmes implemented prior to 2015 were based on the perspective of the Five-Year Plans. Expanding self-employment programmes and wage employment programmes are being considered as the major ways of addressing poverty. Example of self-employment programmes implemented is Prime Minister’s Rozgar Yojana (PMRY) and Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana (SJSRY).
What was the aim of poverty alleviation programmes?
The aim of poverty alleviation schemes ought to be to boost human lives by increasing the vary of things that an individual may be or will do, like to be healthy and nourished, to be knowledgeable and participate within the lifetime of a community. From this point of view, development is concerning removing the obstacles to the items that a person can do in life, like illiteracy, ill health, lack of access to resource es, or lack of civil and political freedoms.
Who tried to measure the poverty line in pre-independent India?
In pre-independent India, Dada Bhai Naoroji used the menu for a prisoner and used acceptable prevailing costs to arrive with what is also referred to as ‘jail price of living’. He thus, suitably adjusted this price of living to gain the poverty level.
Define Poor.
The poor are extremely vulnerable. They are not capable to barter their legal wages from employers and are exploited. Most poor households don’t have any access to electricity. Their primary cookery fuel is firewood and cow dung cake. An outsized section of poor individuals doesn’t even have access to safe potable water. There’s proof of utmost gender difference within the participation of paying employment, education and in decision-making among the family. Poor ladies receive less care on their way to motherhood. Their children are less likely to survive or be born healthy.
What did the green revolution exacerbate?
The Revolution exacerbated the disparities regionally and between giant and little farmers. There was disposition and inability to distribute land. Economists state that the advantages of economic process haven’t trickled all the way down to the poor. Whereas searching for alternatives to specifically address the poor, policy manufacturers started thinking that incomes and employment for the poor may well be raised through the creation of further assets and by means of work generation.
Employment Opportunities
Most members of regular castes and regular tribes aren’t able to participate within the rising employment opportunities in several sectors of the urban and rural economy as they are doing not have the mandatory data and skills to try and do therefore. Poverty is, therefore, additionally closely associated with nature of employment. Unemployment or under employment and therefore the casual and intermittent nature of labour in each rural and concrete areas that compels obligation, in turn, reinforces poorness. Obligation is one among the many factors inflicting poverty.
Class 12 Indian Economics Chapter 4 Multiple Choice Questions
The approach to reduce poverty through specific poverty alleviation programmes has been initiated from the
Those who regularly move in or out of the poverty are called
NFFWP was launched in
Policies and Programmes Towards Poverty Alleviation
The Indian Constitution and five-year plans state social justice because the primary objective of the developmental strategies of the govt. To quote the primary Five-Year Plan (1951-56), “the urge to bring economic and social modification below actual conditions comes from the actual fact of impoverishment and inequalities in financial gain, wealth and opportunity”. The Second Five Year Plan (1956-61) conjointly distinguished that “the edges of economic development should accrue additional to the comparatively less privileged categories of society”. One will notice, altogether policy documents, stress being ordered on impoverishment alleviation which numerous methods have to be compelled to be adopted by the govt for identical.
Approach to Impoverishment Reduction
The government’s approach to impoverishment reduction was of three dimensions. The primary one is growth-oriented approach. It’s supported the expectation that the consequences of economic process – fast increase in gross domestic product and per capita financial gain – would unfold to all or any sections of society and can trickle all the way down to the poor sections conjointly. This was the most important focus of planning within the 1950s and early 1960s. It had been felt that fast industrial development and transformation of agriculture through revolution in choose regions would profit the underdeveloped regions and also the additional backward sections of the community. You need to have examine the growth of agriculture and business haven’t been spectacular.
Low Growth in Per Capita Incomes
Population increment has resulted in a very low growth in per capita incomes. The gap between poor and wealthy has truly widened. The Revolution exacerbated the disparities regionally and between giant and little farmers. There was disposition and inability to distribute land.
Economists state that the advantages of economic process haven’t trickled all the way down to the poor. Whereas searching for alternatives to specifically address the poor, policy manufacturers started thinking that incomes and employment for the poor may well be raised through the creation of further assets and by means of work generation.
